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Showing posts with label Chang Cheh. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chang Cheh. Show all posts

Wednesday, January 1, 2025

SHAW BROTHERS COLLECTION -- DVD Review by Porfle


(THE HEROIC ONES/ THE BATTLE WIZARD/ THE DUEL OF THE CENTURY/ TWO CHAMPIONS OF SHAOLIN)

 

Originally posted 5/6/2010

 

Here's something Hong Kong action fans will want to check out--the four-disc SHAW BROTHERS COLLECTION, which contains four furious fight films from their "Sword Masters" series.

THE HEROIC ONES (1970) is a rousing tale of ancient China that's a feast for fans of sword and spear action done on a grand scale. As the Tang Dynasty wanes, warlords Li Ke Yong and Zhu Wen become allies in the fight against bandit leader Wang Chao, who has taken over the capital city of Changon. Li Ke Yong's thirteen generals, whom he has adopted and regards as sons, are fierce super-warriors who love a good battle as much as they love getting drunk and making whoopee. He chooses nine of them to be led by thirteenth son Chun Xiao in a mission to retake Changon and kill Wang. But fourth son Li Cun Xin is jealous of the young general and wants more glory for himself, which will lead to him and another son joining Zhu Wen in a bloody betrayal of Li Ke Yong and the other generals.

Cheh Chang's direction is old-style with lots of restless hand-held camera and whiplash zooms. But with a big budget to work with, he offers up an opulent display of elaborate sets and costumes with hundreds of extras. His battle scenes are often spectacular, featuring some impressive choreography involving numerous actors performing long, complicated bits of business. Swords and spears clash furiously as the generals take on waves of opponents and rack up body counts well into the hundreds. There's some less than convincing wirework as Chun Xiao and his brothers execute a few super-human moves here and there, but it's all part of the fun.

The battle for Changon is an early highlight which is surpassed later on when Li Ke Yong is kidnapped by Zhu Weng and is rescued by courageous general Ju Li, who must fight his way through dozens of soldiers on a bridge as the enemy stronghold goes up in flames. Throughout the film, the action is eye-filling and intense.

A lighthearted mood fills the early part of the story as we get to know the comically self-confident and cocky Heroic Ones, who revel in the fact that they can defeat just about anyone and have fun celebrating their invincibility with plenty of wine and women. As thirteenth son Chun Xiao, David Chiang does a good job taking his character from brash insouciance to wounded disillusionment as the story takes on tragic proportions. What happens in the latter half of the film is pretty heavy stuff, with the final confrontation between brothers carrying quite a lot of emotional weight along with the action.


I wasn't expecting an epic when I started watching THE HEROIC ONES, but it certainly does its best to resemble one. In addition to being an opulent historical piece, it also has elements of the Italian western and war films such as THE DIRTY DOZEN. And there's a gripping story to go along with all of that beautifully-staged carnage.


If you ever wondered what Hong Kong action flicks look like to crazy people, THE BATTLE WIZARD (1977) should give you a good idea. This is one seriously nutty flick that left me doubting my own sanity even more than usual.

As the film opens, the Emperor's brother Tuan Zhengchun is caught messing around with Hongmian, the wife of Yellow Robe Man, and when her husband attacks, Zhengchun defends himself by using "Yi Yang Finger", which he performs by making pretend shooting motions with his index fingers and firing destructor beams that sever Yellow Robe Man's legs. Yellow Robe Man swears revenge, and twenty years later we see him in his chintzy-looking cave lair with a new pair of telescoping robot bird legs, ordering his cackling monster henchman Canglong to kidnap Zhengchun's son, prince Tuan Yu.

This is just the set up. We then find that Tuan Yu has left the palace because he's a pacifist scholar who doesn't want to learn martial arts ("One could get hurt, and very sweaty," he fears) and wants to see if he can survive in the outside world without them. Needless to say, everyone within fifty miles starts attacking him and he is aided by an enchanted snake-handling girl named Ling-erh, who throws glowing green snakes at the leader of the Poisonous Moths Clan which burrow under his skin. Tuan Yu escapes and seeks help from the dreaded witch-woman Xiang Yaocha, who has sworn that if any man sees her veiled face she will either marry him or kill him. Tuan Yu sees her face, of course, and after they're betrothed he discovers that she is his half-sister, Wanqing, by his father and Hongmian.

All of this brings us to the film's free-for-all finale in which Yellow Robe Man conspires with another warlord to capture Tuan Yu and Wanqing so that Tuan Zhengchun and his wife will be lured to their doom. The young protagonists are hurled into a pit where they are attacked by a "giant gorilla", which is a man hopping around in one of the worst gorilla suits in film history. Tuan Yu, who now has super powers after drinking the blood of the Red Python and eating a glowing green frog (don't ask), takes on the various bad guys and their minions amidst a flurry of hyperkinetic editing, colorful animated special effects, and visuals that seem to have been conceived by a committee of schizophrenics. My favorite part of the whole thing is the sight of a wildly-emoting Yellow Robe Man stalking around on his metallic bird-leg stilts.


Hsueh Li Pao's direction and editing are all over the place in some scenes but that only contributes to the disorienting strangeness of this wacky cartoonish adventure. There are several fun setpieces including the fight with the Poisonous Moths Clan, Wanquing's frenetic battle with a group of bandits (in which she displays her great skill with the "bone-cutting sword" technique), and Tuan Yu and Wanquing's flight from a Tasmanian Devil-like Canglong. I don't know if John Carpenter ever saw this, but it's certainly the kind of movie that served as the inspiration for his BIG TROUBLE IN LITTLE CHINA.

With its comically exaggerated acting and characters, hilariously melodramatic action, and "anything goes" special effects, THE BATTLE WIZARD is pure Shaw Brothers fun. It isn't often you'll see a movie that is this deliriously bizarre. I just had to sit there for a few minutes wondering what the heck I'd just watched.


Director Chu Yuan's THE DUEL OF THE CENTURY (1981) is much less fanciful than a cartoony romp like THE BATTLE WIZARD--no sorcery, no animated death rays shooting out of anybody's fingers, no diabolical creatures. While the impossible feats of skill performed by the characters still place it well into the fantasy realm, this is basically a mystery story with elements of "The Three Musketeers" and those old Westerns in which evenly-matched gunfighters faced each other in a final showdown.

The mystery begins when the two greatest martial arts champions in all of ancient China, Ye Gucheng and Shimen Chueishiue, challenge each other to a duel on the rooftops of the Forbidden City. Since the two fighters aren't enemies, a puzzled Lu Xiaofeng (Tony Liu) turns detective and tries to get to the bottom of things. Drawn into an ever-widening web of deception and intrigue which includes ninjas, monks, lamas, and flamboyantly gay eunuchs, Lu finally uncovers a dastardly plot that leads all the way to the throne. (This, along with the swashbuckling swordplay, is what reminded me of Dumas.)

The story is so dense and talky that I eventually gave up trying to follow it after awhile and just enjoyed the fight scenes which crop up every five minutes or so. Lu is one of those warriors who is so infallible that he can afford to be relaxed and funny (some find him extremely annoying but I like him) while fighting off hordes of foes. One running gag I enjoyed is the way everyone recognizes him when he uses his famous finger technique, which consists of grabbing whatever blade is jabbed at him in a vise grip between his thumb and forefinger. "You're Lu Xiaofeng!" they shout as he feigns modesty.

Lu encounters a variety of hostile opponents with different techniques during several lively but somewhat repetitive sequences, cracking jokes like Spiderman while defeating them all. There are a few bursts of hand-to-hand combat here and there but mostly the fighting is done with clanging swords and various other blades. The fight in an elegant three-level restaurant is an early highlight, which begins with an army of geishas filling the air with rose petals and ends with Ye Gucheng applying his deadly "flying goddess" move to an unlucky opponent. Great sets and lots of atmosphere augment the action, along with an effective score composed of some recognizable library tracks.

Lu uncovers the real reason behind the duel but, lucky for us, is unable to keep it from taking place. While it would be hard for any fight to live up to all the build-up this one gets, it still delivers a fair amount of action and unbelievable displays of superhuman skill (although I didn't quite get why they were leaping through big circles of paper). Again, this is just the kind of stuff that inspired both BIG TROUBLE IN LITTLE CHINA and "The Powerpuff Girls", with warriors soaring through the air at each other as though flying or jumping straight up and fighting in midair for several seconds before coming back down. After watching all the tedious plot threads entwine around each other for an hour and a half, it's fun when these guys finally cut loose and get down to business.


Cheh Chang returns with his familiar directorial style in TWO CHAMPIONS OF SHAOLIN (1978), moving the camera in a dizzying series of lightning-fast zooms and pans that give his action scenes their own unique vitality. And finally--some good old-fashioned fists 'n' feet kung fu!

You may want to take notes, because the first scene is loaded with exposition as "courageous but reckless" young Tong Qianjin (Lo Mang) graduates from training in the Shaolin temple (I guess he snatched the pebble) and is told by Master Zhishan that he must locate fellow student and master boxer Hu Huigan (Chiang Sheng) and wait until the time is right for them to move against the rival Wudang Clan. (The Wudangs are loyal to the Qing Court, which the Shaolins wish to overthrow in order to restore the Ming Dynasty.) All of this is just to get us to the point where the fighting between the Shaolins and the Wudangs begins, which is when the movie takes off.

Tong hasn't been in town for long before Wudang brother Dezong shows up and starts flinging boomerang knives at him, which are pretty cool. The wounded Tong seeks refuge with a sympathetic brother and sister, Jin Tailai and Jin Bier, who teach him how to fend off the dreaded Bloody Knife. The next time Tong and Dezong meet it's a quick and dirty hand-to-hand clash that breathes some life into the movie.

The Wudangs then challenge Tong and Hu to a public one-on-one fight that becomes the most sustained and exciting action setpiece yet, with excellent choreography and lots of quick and skillful moves. Hu fails to endear himself to the Wudangs when he rips the junk right off one of their best guys during a slow-motion leap. Not surprisingly, this ticks off the Wudangs to the point where they invade the wedding banquet of Tong and Bier and turn it into a massacre in another lively fight sequence.

Things get more complicated as we go along, with a young Wudang named Wei switching allegiance to the Shaolins just as a fearsome badass named Gao Jinzhong shows up with the Yuan brothers, experts in monkey boxing and monkey rod, to take up the Wudang banner against the Shaolins. Also adding to the unpredictability of the plot is the appearance of Dezong's daughter, Li Erhuna, who's out for revenge. All of this leads to a climax that's a bloody free-for-all in which nobody is safe--you never know who's going to buy the farm next in this movie. Despite its many comedic touches, TWO CHAMPIONS OF SHAOLIN is filled with somber and downbeat moments that keep the viewer off-guard.


The only downside to this movie is the effort it takes to keep up with all of that exposition, plus a second half that tends to drag until the thrilling finale. At that point, however, the screen is filled with an extended flurry of bloody kung fu action in which you never know who's going to drop dead next. TWO CHAMPIONS OF SHAOLIN is a rousing example of old-school martial arts mayhem, rounding out the collection in suitable style.

Each of the four DVDs in this set from Well Go USA, Inc. and Celestial Pictures is widescreen with Dolby Digital 5.1 sound. Soundtrack is in Mandarin and dubbed English, with English and Chinese subtitles. The theatrical trailer for each film is included. Whether you're a longtime Shaw Brothers fan or just getting into them, SHAW BROTHERS COLLECTION should provide plenty of fun-filled entertainment.



Read our review of The Shaw Brothers Collection II.

 


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Saturday, August 21, 2010

Prepare For Revenge in the Shaw Brothers' Kung Fu Classic "The Return of the 5 Deadly Venoms" on DVD Sept. 14


Latest Dragon Dynasty Installment Strikes Back On DVD September 14th From Vivendi Entertainment And The Weinstein Company

"Full of energy, emotion, and some of the best martial arts choreography of all time" -- dvdcult.com

"A kung fu cult masterpiece" -- kungfucinema.com


UNIVERSAL CITY, CA - Brotherhood and bloody vengeance go hand in hand in the Shaw Brothers' kung fu cult classic The Return Of The 5 Deadly Venoms (aka Crippled Avengers), lashing out on DVD September 14 from Vivendi Entertainment and The Weinstein Company. In this quintessential martial arts adventure, an evil warlord and his son are drunk with power, crippling anyone who crosses their path.  Four men have fallen victim to their violence - a blind man, a deaf-mute, a man with no legs and a young man who has lost his sanity.  The four visit a kung fu master who teaches the four crippled men deadly fighting skills and ways to overcome their disabilities. They then band together and set forth to reclaim their village from the warlord's reign of terror.

Directed by Chang Cheh (Five Deadly Venoms, One-Armed Swordsman), The Return Of The 5 Deadly Venoms combines non-stop action sequences with thrilling acrobatics and superhuman battles.  The Return of the 5 Deadly Venoms aka Crippled Avengers will be available for the suggested retail price of $19.93.

Synopsis:
In this Shaw Brothers Classic Film, prepare for non-stop action and a storyline that is "full of energy, emotion, and some of the best martial arts choreography of all time" (DVDcult.com). A band of four physically challenged fighters learn to use their disabilities as their most lethal weapons when they stand up to save their town from a demonic tyrant. Legendary director Chang Cheh (The One-Armed Swordsman, The 5 Deadly Venoms) returns with eye-popping visuals and jaw-dropping fights in this "kung fu cult masterpiece" (Mark Pollard, KungFuCinema.com).

Buy it at Amazon.com
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Wednesday, March 12, 2008

The Shaw Brothers Kung-Fu Collection Presents HEROES TWO on April 8th

From Richard York, Media Blasters Production Supervisor:

Hello. Below is some information about our upcoming release of the Shaw Brothers/Chang Cheh classic, HEROES TWO, due out April 8th.

*Remastered Anamorphic 2.35:1 Feature from HD master

*Languages:

*Mandarin Mono with English Subtitles

*English Mono

*English 5.1

*Audio Commentary by Asian Film Historian Linn Haynes**

*Remastered "Three Styles of Hung Fist" available as an intro option for the first time on DVD (Mandarin with English titles only)

*Original Mandarin Trailer (with English subtitles)*New Mandarin Trailers (4 variations, with English Subtitles)

*"Three Styles of Hung Fist", original English language version (from unremastered video)

*Original English language export trailer (from unremastered video)

*Original English language opening (from unremastered video)

*"Made to be a Hero" An all-new interview with star Chen Kuan-tai (produced by Mike Leeder)*Stills and art gallery





**We're deeply honored to have had the invaluable (and irreplaceable) assistance of Linn Haynes. He dedicated his life to classic kung fu films. His knowledge runs deep and his enthusiasm and professionalism can be felt all through this release. He provided a lot of the great video extras you see above and his commentary does not disappoint. In fact, I'd say it's one of the most informative and entertaining I've heard in a long time.


He apparently ran into a snag or two in completing his commentary. It arrived to us late and still had to go to Celestial for approval. Due to the scheduling of the packaging printing, we weren't able to get commentary approval before it went to press. Therefore, unfortunately, his name does not appear on the packaging, which he was disappointed with but understanding of. But the commentary is on there (in the setup menu). In one of our last email exchanges, I was able to inform him of Celestial's approval and he was "very happy!"


It was a real pleasure working with him from the early stages of the process to the plans he had for upcoming editions. As we were working mainly on one film at a time, we weren't able to get too far on future releases before his untimely passing. We know his absence will be felt through the remainder of our Shaw Brothers releases but, hopefully, so will his spirit.

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Wednesday, January 30, 2008

Ninja in Ancient China DVD Review

Ninja in Ancient China

Fans previously wanting to see the last work of master director Chang Cheh often had to settle for crappy pan and scan boots or VCDs. His last work Ninja in Ancient China has been especially hard for fans to find, that situation is now no more thanks to the work of Greenfan DVD and its owner Mike Banner. Greenfan will be a company of interest to fans around the world as there releases are coded Region 0 and in NTSC (conversion of NTSC to PAL tends to be a less common problem for Europeans). Fans around the world will be able to enjoy Greenfan product. This film is a reworking of the Shaw production Five Element Ninjas (aka Chinese Super Ninjas) so fans of that film will surely enjoy this one.

You can get Ninja in Ancient China from a variety of e-trailers such as Hkflix.com, play.com and others.

http://www.hkflix.com/xq/asp/filmID.545075/aid.85597/qx/details.htm

Video: Ninja in Ancient China is transferred from a film print with burnt in English and Chinese subs. Unfortunately, it is not anamorphic and is a bit worn, but considering the rareness and the fact no copy before has ever been letterboxed, it is easy to understand and get past these print issues. They are nowhere to the point where I would say to not get the film or that its not watchable.

Audio: The Mandarin track is a tiny bit rough at times, but still easy to listen to and will not hamper your enjoyment of the film.

Extras: Greenfan debuts with a bevy of extras that are a fitting tribute to the last film of Chang Cheh. First off are excellent liner notes (printed with stills from the movie on the cover) written by genre expert Linn Haynes detailing the later phase of Chang Cheh’s career and his work in Mainland China. Next, off is a complete and excellent audio commentary by kung fu expert Nick Watkins telling us about the film, its actors, and the man himself Chang Cheh. Wrapping thins up are a still gallery comprised of lobby cards from the film.

Overall: The chance to get the see the final work of a great director like Chang Cheh is a situation that no one should pass up who is a fan of his works. While the quality is a little rough, as long as one understands this going in, it will not hamper there enjoyment of the film.


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Thursday, November 1, 2007

HKCFN Classics: A Multimedia Overview of Chang Cheh's Career

Note: This was one of the of first articles to appear on the website and such was not read by the vast majority of our current readers. I hope people will enjoy this reprint of our look at Chang Cheh's career.

Thanks to Jessica for reading this over.

Typically when we think of Chang Cheh, we often think of his Shaolin Temple series of films from the mid to late 1970s. The truth is that Chang Cheh had an extremely diverse career marked with many unique periods through his time as a director both in and out of the Shaw Brothers. His career can be divided into four different major periods with a common theme of always trying to further Chinese cinema and the careers of those he worked with. It should be noted these delineations are not always a clean break from the previous one. Often, a film from the previous era would still come out even after a new point in Chang Cheh’s career had begun. Still we can still get a general idea of the path of Chang Cheh’s directorial career. I would like to thank Linn Haynes for his help with this article. Also big thanks to Venoms Chamber and his amazing youtube channel (venomchamber), dvdsaenz and Frankylau.

The first period of Chang Cheh’s career was Jimmy Wang Yu Swordplay Films. These films are what helped lead to Chang Cheh becoming the blockbuster director that we remember of him today. Chang Cheh was the original “millionaire director,” in that his films would gross over 1 million Hong Kong dollars at the local box office alone. This arc of his career often dealt with anti-hero leads, usually played by Jimmy Wang Yu, who were rebelling against the authorities of the time. These films started with The Magnificent Trio and lasted until Return of the One-Armed Swordsman in 1969 but was done by 1968 with Golden Swallow. These films marked a total departure from the Cantonese black-and-white Wong-Fei Hong films which often taught forgiveness and Confucian virtues with very little violence. Cheng Cheh’s films, in contrast, were filled with both bright color and stark violence. Chang Cheh singlehandedly brought the Chinese kung fu film into the modern age with these Jimmy Wang Yu starring, Japanese and American influenced films.

The Magnificent Trio (1966)

The Assassin (1967)

The second period was the Iron Triangle era. The Iron Triangle was a term used to describe the combined power of director Chang Cheh along with stars Ti Lung and David Chiang. This would form one of the most productive and beloved periods in Chang Cheh’s career, possible only rivaled by his Venoms period. This themes shown in these films include the nature of brotherhood and loyalty. These films were often a huge hit at the box office, combining the name talent of the two actors with the technical prowess of Cheng Cheh. The theme of heroic bloodshed (a man fighting in defense of one’s values or brother) would begin to take a prominent role in these films. If this term sounds familiar it is because director John Woo featured many of these similar themes in his own films. It should not be a surprise that John Woo was an Assistant Director on many of Cheng Cheh’s films. As we will learn, Cheng Cheh was always a man looking to teach the newer generation and allow them to learn the techniques of cinema. Films such as Vengeance unleashed a whole new level of violence onto the unsuspecting audiences of Hong Kong. While some were repelled by this new more realistic style of on-screen violence, most audiences loved it. The trailers for Vengeance and Have Sword, Will Travel are testaments to his draw at the box office (as they heavily play up his participation). These films show a further maturation of Cheng Cheh’s style into what was called the “Shaws House Style” that many directors would hope to emulate in their own films. This period would begin with 1969’s Have Sword, Will Travel until The Blood Brothers in 1973, which was soon followed by the foundation of Cheng’s Film Company in Taiwan. The first production of this company was Heroes Two in 1974.

Have Sword, Will Travel (1969)

Vengeance (1970)

The third period in Chang Cheh’s filmography could be called his Taiwanese period. This time in his career was when Chang Cheh relocated to Taiwan to form Cheng’s Film Co. Cheng's Film Co. was really an operation funded by the Shaw Brothers to allow them to use monies stuck in Taiwan that could not leave the country due to government regulations regarding film production. Still, Chang Cheh had a degree of autonomy that he normally would not have under the Shaw Brothers in Hong Kong. One example of this would be on Marco Polo when Carter Wong had a small staring role. Wong had been reported as saying that he wanted the chance to work with Chang Cheh, but did not want to sign a standard Shaw contract. This allowed him the opportunity to work with Cheng Cheh outside of the studio system These films, while still often having Ti Lung or David Chiang (or both), marked the development of future Shaw legends such as Chen Kuan Tai, Alexander Fu Sheng, Johhny Wang, Leung Kar-Yan, Chi Kuan-Chi, and even a young Gordon Liu. In a sense, this period would lead to the development of the leading men for the remainder of the Shaw Brothers studios. This period marked the beginning of the Shaolin cycle of films. Their success led to the large number of Shaolin-themed films by other companies that have long been a favorite of fans, who in turn have Chang Cheh to thank for them. With these films, beginning with Heroes Two (and its mini-documentary that precedes it: Three Hung Fist), there was a new focus on authentic martial arts and artists. Chen Kuan Tai was a Monkey style kung fu champion before he started working at the Shaw Brothers. This period was also defined by the works of his epic productions, noted for featuring Richard Harrison and stories such as Seven Man Army, Boxer Rebellion, and Marco Polo among others. This period in his career lasted from Heroes Two in 1974 to the end of Cheng’s Film Co with Magnificent Wanders (although Naval Commandos and the troubles between David Chiang and Ti Lung on set in many ways marked the end of this period).

Three Hung Fist (aka Three Hung Style) (1974)

Heroes Two (1974)

Shaolin Martial Arts (1974)

Seven Man Army (1976)

New Shaolin Boxers (1976)

The next period in Cheng Cheh’s career is perhaps his most beloved by many and possibly can be summed up in one small, yet immortal phrase, ”Poison Clan Rocks the World!” Yes, this period can be called the Venoms era. This time, Chang Cheh was looking for new stars to further his hopes of remaining dynamic and fresh while passing on his teachings to a new generation, and at the same time entertaining his audiences. This team of actors set the world aflame with their amazing action skills and highly entertaining plots and characters. This era alone has had a huge influence on American rap groups, such as the Wu-Tang Clan and many others. Phillip Kwok, Lu Feng, Lo Meng, Sun Chien, and Chiang Sheng began together in the landmark film Five Deadly Venoms in 1978 and began one of the most well-remembered teams of martial artists the world has even known! Though some in Hong Kong have viewed this period as marking the beginning of the downfall of Cheng Cheh in terms of budget and “quality,” nothing can be further from the truth as these films unleashed a new level of martial arts talents and exciting stories. The films ranged from tales of revenge and honor in Flag of Iron and Crippled Avengers to mystery and suspense in Masked Avengers, Kid with the Golden Arm and Five Deadly Venoms. For many people, these films represented the golden age of the Shaw Brothers. This period started in 1978 with Five Deadly Venoms and ended with 1982’s House of Traps, which, aside from 1983’s The Weird Man, was his final picture for the Shaw Brothers.

Five Deadly Venoms (1978)

Crippled Avengers (1978)

Kid with the Golden Arm (1979)

Sword Stained with Royal Blood (1981)

The final period of Cheng Cheh’s career could be called the Baby Venoms era. This period was marked by the end of Cheng Cheh’s active career, but in many ways should not be viewed as a sad event. Several of the people who trained under Cheng Cheh began to have very fruitful careers. John Woo and Wu-Ma have stayed busy since their early work with Cheng Cheh and Philip Kwok remains an in-demand action chorographer. Ti Lung, Jimmy Wang Yu, David Chiang brought up by Chang Cheh at the Shaws along with other co-stars are regarded as legends. This thanks to their work with Cheng Cheh. The Baby Venoms were an attempt by Cheng Cheh to find and promote new stars continuing what he had done in the past. This period started with Attack of the Joyful Goddess in 1983 and concluded with 1990’s Hidden Hero. The career of Cheng Cheh ended as he started trying to further Chinese cinema and his actors. Many of the Baby Venom films were remakes of his older films. He hoped to bring his stars the same success as previous Shaw Brother films. Sadly, Baby Venom films did not achieve worldwide success financially, but often feature exciting martial arts talent. They still have a cult following and the Baby Venoms still find work through the success of working with Chang Cheh, often appearing on TV and film, such as Stephen Chow’s Kung Fu Hustle. Cheng Cheh’s stature only grew over time, receiving acclaim from those whom he influenced directly to fans worldwide who watch his pictures (from musical arts, directors, and actors). Cheng Cheh was even granted a lifetime achievement award by the Hong Kong Film Association in 2001. He passed away in 2002 after making nearly 90 films. Even though he has passed away, his legacy will always be remembered with the release of re-mastered Shaw Brothers films that started shortly before his death. Now a new generation of fans can enjoy and learn from these films—just as the master himself would have hoped.

Note: Baby Venoms footage is sometimes hard to find, but it will be added in the next few days, as I have to transfer it myself. For now, please enjoy this trailer for Just Heroes produced by many of his former stars and crew to help finance his retirement. Chang Cheh (along with editing a Chinese version himself that sadly has still not appeared on home video) donated all of the profits to the study and teaching of film. This stayed true to his goal of teaching and helping the next generation of filmmakers that was always part of his moral character. Cheng Cheh remains a model example of a good person for future directors, actors, and even just fans.

Just Heroes (1989)


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Monday, October 29, 2007

The Original Trailer to Chinese Super Ninja's

Remember, the more hits I get, the more content you get! :) Next up is Eric Tsang as RAMBO. No, I'm not kidding. I swear, I think Sly watched some of Fatal Vacation for his new Rambo.

Note: I just uploaded the trailer, so it may take some time to appear.


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Saturday, April 14, 2007

Cheng Cheh on the Martial Arts Film Genre

Republished from Stephen Feldman's amazing Cheng Cheh site
http://changcheh.0catch.com/ Give it a look today.

From The Making of Martial Arts Films -- As Told by Filmmakers and Stars, 1999, pp. 16-24:

Creating the Martial Arts Film and the Hong Kong Cinema Style

[an article by] Zhang Che

As a society prospers, its industry develops, and the dynamic energy of the people is at full throttle, culture and the arts will also thrive. This is true of China in the Tang Dynasty, of Europe in the Renaissance, and of America in its opening of the western frontier. Though a small territory, Hong Kong in the 60s and 70s was an explicit micro-model of such trends.

Crossroads of East and West

Western culture is the dominating culture in the modern world. However, Chinese culture has a long history and still carries its own weight. Hong Kong is a Chinese society and it functions as China's window to the West. Hence, it is the crossroads where Chinese and Western cultures meet. But Hong Kong only has a history of over 100 years. Originally on the periphery of the mainland, its absorption of Western culture is not deep enough. Thus, both Chinese and Western cultures have a poor foundation in Hong Kong. From the start, the development of art and culture in Hong Kong had a populist base. The supplementary columns of Hong Kong's newspapers are unique in this respect -- one of the most representative personages was Ko Hung (Sam So) who was active in the 60s and 70s and possessed the distinct local colours of Hong Kong. The martial arts novels became popular during this period, and the melodrama novels were no better than the sentimental romances. There were very few works of literary quality. Most films of better artistic values were those that geared towards the masses and the populist denominator.

However, populism is a virtue, not a flaw. Culture is based on "people," and the type of "people" determines the type of culture. A minority culture can only be enjoyed by a small group of people and cannot enter the mainstream. This is most apparent in cinema. If it is detached from the masses, it is detached from the market and cannot survive nor develop. There are many levels to populism, aud the more levels there are, the wider the human foundations. There are the common people, the middle-class, and the intellectuals. Take the martial arts novels. It includes writers such as Woshi Shanren and Jin Yong -- the former belongs to the Cantonese culture of the neighbouring masses while both the common people and the intellectuals enjoy the latter. The samurai pictures of Japan and the martial arts pictures of Hong Kong are quite similar. The samurai picture genre has produced an outstanding master in Akira Kurosawa.

Jin Yong is the premier talent in martial arts literature and he was a product arising from the East-meets-West culture of Hong Kong. A learned man of Chinese culture, he is also well versed in Western culture, blending the literary culture and popular culture together successfully. His works came out simple but carried depth. The martial arts pictures of the 60s and 70s, no matter the works of an auteur or the works as a whole, are no match for the works of Jin Yong. The reason why he took a leading role in the take-off of the martial arts picture in Hong Kong cinema is due to this distinct appeal.

Martial arts films had its share back in the old days. In Shanghai, the genre got bogged down in the serials of the likes of The Burning of the Red Lotus Temple and The Swordswoman of the Wilderness, so were the martial arts films of Hong Kong cinema that remained on the level of Woshi Shanren for years and could not catch up with the times.

Populism does not mean vulgarity. The populist classics of China include quite some gems of literature that have an appeal to both literary and layman tastes. This is also true of Chinese opera. Being at the crossroads of East and West, the Hong Kong audience will naturally not be satisfied with "old-fashioned" martial arts pictures. Thus it is only to be expected that a new-style martial arts picture will emerge in accordance with the economic and social development of Hong Kong and its tendency towards Westernisation. With greater investments, production standards improve, leading to the participation of new intellectuals conversant in both Eastern and Western cultures. The first generation of auteurs recruited by the new style martial arts picture include King Hu and myself. Using Chinese cinema as a base, we endeavoured to include Western style of thinking and technology. King Hu studied the aesthetics of editing in Western cinema and created his own style of editing. As for myself, I studied the cinematographic techniques of those Western technicians or in Shaw Brothers under co-production deals, and "stole" a lot of their techniques.

Japan is the most westernised country in the East. Apart from influences from the west (particularly Hollywood films), we have also been influenced by Japanese cinema, in particular, the samurai pictures. I went to Japan to do location shooting for The Golden Swallow (1968). The location shooting itself was not at all significant compared to what I could learn from the production techniques of Japanese cinema. Some martial arts directors openly confess to being influenced by Japanese cinema and I think there's no shame in that. Reception isn't the same as copying. I was attracted to the martial arts genre because I had seen the films of Akira Kurosawa and realised that it was possible to make quality pictures in the genre.

When I was making The One-armed Swordsman (1967), I took the camera off its tripod and utilised the hand-held camera technique for the first time. Thus, a sense of mobility was added to Chinese films. I first used the slow-motion technique in The Magnficent Trio (1966) but it was after I had seen how the technique was used in Arthur Penn's Bonnie and Clyde (1967) and Sam Peckinpah's The Wild Bunch (1969) that I improved my methods in Vengeance! (1970).

The new style martial arts films of the 60s and 70s are a unique product of Hong Kong at the crossroads of east and west.

A Fusion of Lowbrow and Highbrow Cultures

Like the martial arts novels of Jin Yong, the genre incorporated elements of East and West, and the first generation auteurs also incorporated highbrow and lowbrow tastes. To appeal to the high and the low is the greatest objective. In Chinese martial arts literature, The Water Margin achieved this objective. The martial arts novels of the Tang Dynasty were inclined towards the highbrow tastes. Some of the profundity and richness of this literature is glimpsed in modern novels such as Huanzhu Louzhu's Zu -- Warriors of the Magic Mountain and The Legends of Yunhai, but apart from these, examples such as Seven Knights, Five Principles, The Legend of the Swordsman and The Swordswoman of the Wilderness were very lowbrow affairs indeed. The pictures adapted from these novels could go nowhere as a result.

The martial arts pictures current in Hong Kong cinema at the time were the likes of the Woshi Shahten stories -- stories full of local flavour and populated by folk heroes. The artistic quality of these pictures was low. The characters, from Fong Sai-yuk to Wu Wai-kin to Wong Fei-hung, lacked individuality and were more like stereotypes without emotions or psychology. The stories were simple and conducted along the lines of the good guys versus the bad guys. Hence, such films could not satisfy a society that was progressing and an audience that had greater demands of cinema. This was the background for the rise of the new style martial arts picture.

Many of the screenplays behind the new style martial arts pictures were original creations. They were not adapted from any novel. This is true at least of the films of King Hu and of those of mine. Naturally, we were all influenced by the Water Margin, the novels of the Tang Dynasty, and Jin Yong. We were young then and eager to express ourselves and there were a lot of things we wanted to say. King Hu later took inspiration from Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio, and I myself adapted some of Jin Yong's novels but they were not some of my best works. Jin's novels are lengthy works and are more suited to TV. I adapted The Brave Archer from him and made the picture in three parts and I still only touched the edges of the story and barely reached its core. Later, some pictures borrowed characters from his novels, such as Ashes of Time (1994), but they only made use of the subject to put across their own ideas. Their products were far from the originals.

In any case, the martial arts pictures began to have variations in their plots, sharp characters, and elaboration of romance and friendship. They brought in new artistic conceptions. The genre began to capture the mass audience and elevated its market position and its influence throughout Southeast Asia.

As its name implies, the martial arts (wu xia) pictures use the notion of martial arts (wu) to express the content of chivalry (xia). Martial arts denote action. Hong Kong cinema at the time used the southern school of kung fu and though the pictures freely mentioned the names of Shaolin and Wudang, the actors did not express the movements of these two schools. The majority of actors at the time were trained in opera, such as Kwan Tak-hing and Lam Kar-sing, etc. But the main pillar of martial arts in Cantonese opera was the Longhu (Dragon and Tiger) masters of martial arts which was derived from Peking opera. However, this was not a genuine strand of martial arts acting from Peking opera since it came from the serialised libretto play of the "Shanghai stream" of Peking opera.

However, the first generation of directors of the new style martial arts picture such as King Hu and myself, derived martial arts action from Peking opera but transcending the limitations of the Longhu masters. King Hu's action aesthetics is of a high standard and he never faltered from his methods of the swordplay film. I gradually became interested in the Hung Fist and the Wing Chun style which belong to the southern school, and I made Vengeance! (1970) and The Boxer from Shandong (1972), both set in the early years of the republic. Coincidentally, Bruce Lee also became popular at this time and he took the kung fu genre into new heights of popularity. At that time, I made Heroes Two (1974) and a series of Shaolin-based kung fu films. Though Kwan Tak-hing, Sek Yin-tsi, Lam Kar-sing propounded the Shaolin name, their kung fu had nothing to do with that school. The development of kung fu had to await stars like Bruce Lee, Chan Kwun-tai, Alexander Fu, etc. But that's another story.

The martial arts pictures inherited the stylised combat of Peking opera. Traditional Chinese opera and other regional operas are song-based operas, but forms such as Kunqu and Sichuan opera are based on song and dance. The dance segments developed into scenes of martial arts action and this development was completed with the appearance of Peking opera, which established a tradition of martial arts in opera. However, Kunqu, as evidenced in the operas The Night Flight of Lin Chong, Overturning the Sliding Cart, The Pass at the Boundary Marker, influenced the martial dramas of Peking opera. These were operas sung in the qu pai style of Kunqu and not in the traditional pihuang style of Peking opera. Cantonese opera, on the other hand, is well established as a regional opera and it emphasises song and dramatic plot, as do other regional forms such as Yue opera, Huangmei ("Yellow Plum") opera, and Taiwanese opera. The components of dance or martial arts in Cantonese opera were not profound but they later imbibed influences from Peking opera making them akin to the serialised libretto play of the Shanghai school. Most Longhu masters learned from Shanghai artists, such as Yuen Siu-tin (father of Yuen Woo-ping) and Yu Zhanyuan (teacher of Jackie Chan and Sammo Hung, and father of Yu So-chau), and Lam Kar-sing was a student of the martial arts opera diva Fen Juhua, who originally hailed from Shanghai.

Kunqu originated from Yuan opera. Its literary qualities were of a high standard, as evidenced in operas such as The Peony Pavilion and The Plum Blossom Fan. However, the martial arts component of Kunqu and Peking opera were later equally appreciated by lowbrow and highbrow tastes. Their works were popular but of a high standard. Martial arts stemmed from wushu, a form that had nothing to do with the practical art of fighting but was more like dance. Run Run Shaw discovered this early on, and so did film critic Sek Kei. Thus, the martial arts of Kunqu and Peking opera were really choreographic pieces, which were suited for adaptation to cinema. Action is a world language, thus Hong Kong's action films were accepted by Cantonese speakers and Mandarin speakers, by Southeast Asian countries which didn't understand Chinese, and gradually, by Europe and America.

The new style martial arts picture elevated production standards and the tastes of the audience; it strengthened the sensation of cinema and action. This development took place in a Hong Kong at the cross-roads of East and West, mixing highbrow with lowbrow, and the progress was rapid. As Sek Kei said, "It has elevated the action film from the world's worst to the world's best."

The Influence and Development of the Martial Arts Picture

The martial arts picture has the same basic requirements like all other pictures. Whether it is a tragedy or a comedy, the characters and the plots must move people and be entertaining. However, in entertainment, there must also be content, something aspiring to the higher levels. The modes of expression must be dramatic, cinematic, visual, atmospheric and rhythmic. A movie fulfiling all these demands is a good movie and vice versa. In terms of action, it is not enough to have action in a scene -- the action must be powerful and contain aesthetic beauty, the shots must carry the motion.

Chinese cinema has produced some masterpieces and though martial arts pictures number among these masterpieces, the majority are low quality works. Actually, Hong Kong cinema had remained insignificant for a long time. The China market was closed to it and it did not capture other overseas markets. Hong Kong cinema only relied on the small domestic mark in Hong Kong, and meagre capital from Singapore and Malaysia. At the time, Hong Kong had a few decrepit theatres that showed only Chinese movies. The better theatres showed only Western films. A film earned only about tens of thousands dollars. In such a market, the Cantonese film was a downmarket affair and it was only on occasion that a small little gem would appear, or else a picture would take the form of a "carnival" style bringing together all the artists in a big production. But this didn't do the trick in building up standards.

The Mandarin cinema was pioneered by Li Zuyong who came from Shanghai, bringing with him talent and money. He established Yung Hwa. However, the Shanghai talents that he brought along continued the old style of Shanghai cinema, which did not suit changing circumstances. Neither did it occupy a market niche. Yung Hwa ended up in financial straits. The company was saved by money from Singapore and Malaysia and its name was changed to MP and GI (later, this was changed to Cathay). However, the company became conservative, maintaining its output to please middle-class audiences, thus confining itself to melodramas and comedies. A breakthrough was needed. Run Run Shaw came over to Hong Kong from Southeast Asia with new investments to start the Shaw Brothers Studio. He turned the situation around, bringing Hong Kong cinema to the era of colour and widescreen. To secure the Taiwan market, Shaw Brothers produced Huangmei (Yellow Plum) opera films, as Mainland opera films were prohibited from the Taiwan market. This widened the studio's revenue base, raised production standards, and built up the grounds for the rise of the new style martial arts picture.

The Hong Kong cinema was a conservative force at the time. The overseas Chinese market in Singapore and Malaysia was a conservative-thinking audience. For example, European and American movies were centred on male actors. Even actresses like Vivien Leigh and Ingrid Bergman took second billing to Clark Gable and Humphrey Bogart. Peking opera is also male-centred. Even the "four greatest female stars" were males, such as Mei Lanfang, etc. However, Hong Kong cinema was different. Its popularity was built on female stars, and stars like Ling Bo and Yam Kim-fai played male parts. Insiders in the Hong Kong film industry were quite obstinate about this tendency, so I took up the slogan of yanggang (masculinity) in my film column "My Views on Cinema." Now, this slogan is taken as a mantra not only in the film industry but also in the music industry. But in the film industry at the time, the realisation of yanggang would have to wait until the resurgence of a new martial arts movie style -- a resurgence guided by the moguls Run Run Shaw and Raymond Chow. At that time, I had been recommended by Raymond Chow to enter Shaw Brothers. The rise of yanggang was a requirement of the market and not discrimination against actresses. Female audiences also wanted to see male stars. After all, the fans of male singers were mostly females.

The 60s and 70s were the most energetic periods of Hong Kong -- the period when young people exerted themselves. The age of love tales was the past. The masses were striving ahead in a rebellious mood and the colonial administration was receiving a shock to the system. Yangggang and the martial arts pictures represented this spirit of the times. After I made The One-armed Swordsman (1967), riots broke out in Kowloon. Then, during the riots, I made The Assassin (1967). In an Ming Pao Monthly article published on May 1998, titled "Hong Kong's Anti-Establishment Movies and the Mass Movement," Law Kar wrote: "Zhang Che's movie characters are young swordsmen, assassins, martyrs and death-defying fanatics. His heroes are tragic men who defy authority and the establishment." At the time, people called my movies "violent" and "bloody." I always thought this was a very shallow way of looking at my movies.

Chua Lam also said that I broke "many myths in Hong Kong cinema." One myth was that the audience only liked to see female stars. Another was that the male hero could not die. There really were a lot of conservative ideas around at the time. For example, it was thought that Southeast Asian Chinese did not like to see characters in pigtails. So films set in the Qing Dynasty, period did not show characters with pigtails -- rather they wore hats and kerchiefs round their heads to hide the pigtails. I broke this taboo with my film Blood Brothers (1973).

That was also the time of the transition from black and white to colour film. The use of colour was very conservative. White was avoided because it was thought to reflect light, and white was not viewed as a colour. In Peking opera, the costumes are very colourful but the heroes in an action scene invariably wore white to signify the image of a hero. If the characters were of low status, poor, or were criminals, or were wounded after a fight, they invariably wore black. Thus, I created the image of Wang Yu as "the knight in white. "Later, when I made Vengeance!, which was set in the early Republican period, my star David Chiang wore white student uniform (or the Zhongshan suit), which influenced Bruce Lee -- he wore a similar style in Fist of Fury.

The new ideas of the martial arts picture made Hong Kong cinema very popular at the box-office. Directors became "million-dollar directors" and this kicked off a trend. It seemed like all directors were making martial arts pictures, with varying achievements. The martial arts picture stimulated improvements in other genres. The pace picked up in comedies and melodramas. The shots were livelier, the subject matter much broader, the plots richer, the characters and emotions anew. Thus, Hong Kong cinema took off and became its unique self. Hong Kong became the filmmaking centre of Southeast Asia.

The martial arts picture was also undergoing transformation. When I made Vengeance! in 1970 as a picture set in the early Republican period, I won the Best Director Award in the Asia-Pacific Film Festival (David Chiang won the Best Actor Award). I changed the fighting style from swordplay to the "fist and leg" and this prepared the way for the appearance of Bruce Lee and the kung fu genre. Back in the days when I wrote my column "My Views on Cinema," I saw some of Lee's early Cantonese films and saw his potential even then. I recommended him to MP and GI. The production chief Song Qi told me that Bruce Lee was in America and contact had not been made. Later, when I became a director at Shaw Brothers, Bruce Lee took the initiative to contact me and I recommended him to Shaw Brothers. When his agents negotiated with Shaw Brothers, I wasn't involved. Finally, the talks broke down and Lee signed on with Golden Harvest.

Bruce Lee absorbed the best qualities of Taekwondo, Thai boxing, and Karate, to give a realistic and real-fighting look to the kung fu film. This had never been attempted before. Thus, Chinese kung fu pictures broke out of the Hong Kong market and made their presence known throughout the world. Since this part of history is well known, I wish not to say more, but my own films in this period included the likes of Duel of Fists (1971, starring Di Long) which created a trend of Thai boxing movies; The Boxer from Shandong (1972, starring Chan Kwun-tai) which was the forerunner of the Shanghai Bundi trend; and The Disciples of Shaolin (1975, starring Alexander Fu) which began the trend of young "boxing punks" movies -- the term xiaozi (boxing punks) was actually a Northern slang which later gained currency in Cantonese.

Though Bruce Lee was trained in Wing Chun, a southern school of kung fu, he made Mandarin films. The resurgence of Cantonese films had to wait until the appearance of Michael Hui's comedies. I later made a series of Cantonese kung fu movies, featuring folk heroes like Fong Sai-yuk, Hung Hei-kwun, Wu Wai-kin. These pictures influenced later movies like Jet Li's The Shaolin Temple, but they were all made possible because my picture Blood Brothers had broken the taboo against Qing-costume movies. There was a spate of movies that copied the story of Blood Brothers: Shaw Brothers made The Oath of Death and Luo Wei made Thunderbolt!. These were made as period movies but they all failed. I believe the story of Blood Brothers is a very good one but it is necessary to make it as a Qing-costume movie. But Shaw Brothers had doubts because the audience in Southeast Asia didn't like Qing-costume movies, or so they thought. Finally, I arrived at a compromise and that was not to have my characters shave their heads and keep the pigtails.

In the past, the Hong Kong martial arts movie (both the swordplay and kung fu strands) avoided the use of guns. In my film Vengeance!, I first used guns and Chen Xing played a gunman. His image was based on Italian Westerns. I also highlighted blood spurting out from bodies, shot in slow-motion. The effects were splendid. But, because of the popularity of Bruce Lee's kung fu movies, there was no chance to go down this road. It wasn't until John Woo, who worked with me before, that gunplay developed into its own unique strand.

Woo's characters, his theme of male bonding, and his depictions of emotions in his gunplay films were influenced by martial arts pictures. The shots of blood spurting out in slow motion are really quite expressive, and these types of movements -- reactions from being shot and the like -- are based on the techniques of martial arts pictures. Thus, they appear quite unique when placed among the action films of Hollywood and of course, Woo was a big influence. Jackie Chan's achievements are also immense and I don't need to elaborate. What should be mentioned is that Jackie has training in Peking opera, and the same is true of Sammo Hung.

Conclusion

The martial arts picture was the vanguard of all that was creative and unique in Hong Kong cinema. At its peak of popularity, it influenced all of Southeast Asia and it even broke out of this region to influence Europe and America. Hollywood has been greatly influenced by the genre. Regretfully, just as Hollywood has absorbed Hong Kong cinema influences and its talents, the local film industry is in decline. The reason for the decline lies in the failure for Hong Kong cinema to retain its balance and integrity in the mixing of Eastern and Western cultures and lowbrow and highbrow tastes. Instead, there is a polarisation. In some cases, only local layman's tastes are satisfied; in other cases, Western culture is imitated at the cost of the Hong Kong flavour. There are pictures that cater only for the "minority audience" -- pictures that are enjoyed by the few. Then there are pictures that are glossy but shallow. To learn from the past in order to know the future, there is only recourse to achieve the integration of eastern and western cultures, the lowbrow and the highbrow. Only this way can we renew our energy and rebuild the film industry so that it may enter a new age of prosperity.

(Translated by Stephen Teo)

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Friday, April 13, 2007

Seven Man Army Audio Review and Video Clips!

Today we have an audio review that was done for Cheng Cheh's amazing Seven Man Army in celeberation of Cheng Cheh month. This is a great film and prehaps one of the most star-studded films ever prehaps only rivaled by Shanghai 13.

The Audio Review
http://www.yousendit.com/download/QlVqUWV2cGtTRTQwTVE9PQ

The Final Fight

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Monday, April 9, 2007

A Multimedia Overview of Cheng Cheh's Career!

Thanks to Jessica for reading this over.

Typically when we think of Chang Cheh, we often think of his Shaolin Temple series of films from the mid to late 1970s. The truth is that Chang Cheh had an extremely diverse career marked with many unique periods through his time as a director both in and out of the Shaw Brothers. His career can be divided into four different major periods with a common theme of always trying to further Chinese cinema and the careers of those he worked with. It should be noted these delineations are not always a clean break from the previous one. Often, a film from the previous era would still come out even after a new point in Chang Cheh’s career had begun. Still we can still get a general idea of the path of Chang Cheh’s directorial career. I would like to thank Linn Haynes for his help with this article. Also big thanks to Venoms Chamber and his amazing youtube channel (venomchamber), dvdsaenz and Frankylau.

The first period of Chang Cheh’s career was Jimmy Wang Yu Swordplay Films. These films are what helped lead to Chang Cheh becoming the blockbuster director that we remember of him today. Chang Cheh was the original “millionaire director,” in that his films would gross over 1 million Hong Kong dollars at the local box office alone. This arc of his career often dealt with anti-hero leads, usually played by Jimmy Wang Yu, who were rebelling against the authorities of the time. These films started with The Magnificent Trio and lasted until Return of the One-Armed Swordsman in 1969 but was done by 1968 with Golden Swallow. These films marked a total departure from the Cantonese black-and-white Wong-Fei Hong films which often taught forgiveness and Confucian virtues with very little violence. Cheng Cheh’s films, in contrast, were filled with both bright color and stark violence. Chang Cheh singlehandedly brought the Chinese kung fu film into the modern age with these Jimmy Wang Yu starring, Japanese and American influenced films.

The Magnificent Trio (1966)

The Assassin (1967)

The second period was the Iron Triangle era. The Iron Triangle was a term used to describe the combined power of director Chang Cheh along with stars Ti Lung and David Chiang. This would form one of the most productive and beloved periods in Chang Cheh’s career, possible only rivaled by his Venoms period. This themes shown in these films include the nature of brotherhood and loyalty. These films were often a huge hit at the box office, combining the name talent of the two actors with the technical prowess of Cheng Cheh. The theme of heroic bloodshed (a man fighting in defense of one’s values or brother) would begin to take a prominent role in these films. If this term sounds familiar it is because director John Woo featured many of these similar themes in his own films. It should not be a surprise that John Woo was an Assistant Director on many of Cheng Cheh’s films. As we will learn, Cheng Cheh was always a man looking to teach the newer generation and allow them to learn the techniques of cinema. Films such as Vengeance unleashed a whole new level of violence onto the unsuspecting audiences of Hong Kong. While some were repelled by this new more realistic style of on-screen violence, most audiences loved it. The trailers for Vengeance and Have Sword, Will Travel are testaments to his draw at the box office (as they heavily play up his participation). These films show a further maturation of Cheng Cheh’s style into what was called the “Shaws House Style” that many directors would hope to emulate in their own films. This period would begin with 1969’s Have Sword, Will Travel until The Blood Brothers in 1973, which was soon followed by the foundation of Cheng’s Film Company in Taiwan. The first production of this company was Heroes Two in 1974.

Have Sword, Will Travel (1969)

Vengeance (1970)

The third period in Chang Cheh’s filmography could be called his Taiwanese period. This time in his career was when Chang Cheh relocated to Taiwan to form Cheng’s Film Co. Cheng's Film Co. was really an operation funded by the Shaw Brothers to allow them to use monies stuck in Taiwan that could not leave the country due to government regulations regarding film production. Still, Chang Cheh had a degree of autonomy that he normally would not have under the Shaw Brothers in Hong Kong. One example of this would be on Marco Polo when Carter Wong had a small staring role. Wong had been reported as saying that he wanted the chance to work with Chang Cheh, but did not want to sign a standard Shaw contract. This allowed him the opportunity to work with Cheng Cheh outside of the studio system These films, while still often having Ti Lung or David Chiang (or both), marked the development of future Shaw legends such as Chen Kuan Tai, Alexander Fu Sheng, Johhny Wang, Leung Kar-Yan, Chi Kuan-Chi, and even a young Gordon Liu. In a sense, this period would lead to the development of the leading men for the remainder of the Shaw Brothers studios. This period marked the beginning of the Shaolin cycle of films. Their success led to the large number of Shaolin-themed films by other companies that have long been a favorite of fans, who in turn have Chang Cheh to thank for them. With these films, beginning with Heroes Two (and its mini-documentary that precedes it: Three Hung Fist), there was a new focus on authentic martial arts and artists. Chen Kuan Tai was a Monkey style kung fu champion before he started working at the Shaw Brothers. This period was also defined by the works of his epic productions, noted for featuring Richard Harrison and stories such as Seven Man Army, Boxer Rebellion, and Marco Polo among others. This period in his career lasted from Heroes Two in 1974 to the end of Cheng’s Film Co with Magnificent Wanders (although Naval Commandos and the troubles between David Chiang and Ti Lung on set in many ways marked the end of this period).

Three Hung Fist (aka Three Hung Style) (1974)

Heroes Two (1974)

Shaolin Martial Arts (1974)

Seven Man Army (1976)

New Shaolin Boxers (1976)

The next period in Cheng Cheh’s career is perhaps his most beloved by many and possibly can be summed up in one small, yet immortal phrase, ”Poison Clan Rocks the World!” Yes, this period can be called the Venoms era. This time, Chang Cheh was looking for new stars to further his hopes of remaining dynamic and fresh while passing on his teachings to a new generation, and at the same time entertaining his audiences. This team of actors set the world aflame with their amazing action skills and highly entertaining plots and characters. This era alone has had a huge influence on American rap groups, such as the Wu-Tang Clan and many others. Phillip Kwok, Lu Feng, Lo Meng, Sun Chien, and Chiang Sheng began together in the landmark film Five Deadly Venoms in 1978 and began one of the most well-remembered teams of martial artists the world has even known! Though some in Hong Kong have viewed this period as marking the beginning of the downfall of Cheng Cheh in terms of budget and “quality,” nothing can be further from the truth as these films unleashed a new level of martial arts talents and exciting stories. The films ranged from tales of revenge and honor in Flag of Iron and Crippled Avengers to mystery and suspense in Masked Avengers, Kid with the Golden Arm and Five Deadly Venoms. For many people, these films represented the golden age of the Shaw Brothers. This period started in 1978 with Five Deadly Venoms and ended with 1982’s House of Traps, which, aside from 1983’s The Weird Man, was his final picture for the Shaw Brothers.

Five Deadly Venoms (1978)

Crippled Avengers (1978)

Kid with the Golden Arm (1979)

Sword Stained with Royal Blood (1981)

The final period of Cheng Cheh’s career could be called the Baby Venoms era. This period was marked by the end of Cheng Cheh’s active career, but in many ways should not be viewed as a sad event. Several of the people who trained under Cheng Cheh began to have very fruitful careers. John Woo and Wu-Ma have stayed busy since their early work with Cheng Cheh and Philip Kwok remains an in-demand action chorographer. Ti Lung, Jimmy Wang Yu, David Chiang brought up by Chang Cheh at the Shaws along with other co-stars are regarded as legends. This thanks to their work with Cheng Cheh. The Baby Venoms were an attempt by Cheng Cheh to find and promote new stars continuing what he had done in the past. This period started with Attack of the Joyful Goddess in 1983 and concluded with 1990’s Hidden Hero. The career of Cheng Cheh ended as he started trying to further Chinese cinema and his actors. Many of the Baby Venom films were remakes of his older films. He hoped to bring his stars the same success as previous Shaw Brother films. Sadly, Baby Venom films did not achieve worldwide success financially, but often feature exciting martial arts talent. They still have a cult following and the Baby Venoms still find work through the success of working with Chang Cheh, often appearing on TV and film, such as Stephen Chow’s Kung Fu Hustle. Cheng Cheh’s stature only grew over time, receiving acclaim from those whom he influenced directly to fans worldwide who watch his pictures (from musical arts, directors, and actors). Cheng Cheh was even granted a lifetime achievement award by the Hong Kong Film Association in 2001. He passed away in 2002 after making nearly 90 films. Even though he has passed away, his legacy will always be remembered with the release of re-mastered Shaw Brothers films that started shortly before his death. Now a new generation of fans can enjoy and learn from these films—just as the master himself would have hoped.

Note: Baby Venoms footage is sometimes hard to find, but it will be added in the next few days, as I have to transfer it myself. For now, please enjoy this trailer for Just Heroes produced by many of his former stars and crew to help finance his retirement. Chang Cheh (along with editing a Chinese version himself that sadly has still not appeared on home video) donated all of the profits to the study and teaching of film. This stayed true to his goal of teaching and helping the next generation of filmmakers that was always part of his moral character. Cheng Cheh remains a model example of a good person for future directors, actors, and even just fans.

Just Heroes (1989)


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Jackie Chan Goes Reality.

Well maybe it won't be Flavor of Love or I Love NY, but this should still be of interest. From IMDB and Jessica Lasak. Also the Cheng Cheh update should be up in an hour or two. It's going to be a great multimedia overview of Cheng Cheh's career and I hope you'll check back soon.

Martial arts superstar Jackie Chan has launched a new Chinese TV show project in a bid to find his movie successor. More than 100,000 fans have reportedly signed up to try out for the reality TV show, called The Disciple, which seeks out new action movie talent. In introducing the new show on Saturday, Chan, 53, said, "A lot of actors are good at fighting but (they're) not beautiful (to watch). If you can incorporate dance with an ability to perform kung fu, that would be better." The show will run from March to October next year with the 10 winners landing roles a new movie, which Chan will produce.


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Sunday, April 8, 2007

HK FILM NEWS Presents Chang Cheh Month! A Celebration of CC. Help join in the celebration!

This month will bring a celebration of the work of director Chang Cheh.

We are planning to host reviews of his films, articles and analysis of his works, life, actors (don't worry Venom fans), and technqiues. Each day will bring at least one new item related to Chang Cheh.

We are issuing an open call for writings from our readers. We want you to help us celebrate the life of one of the world's greatest directors. Please send your ideas and submissions to gfanikf@yahoo.com as we would love to have them. If you can only offer stills and pictures of articles, we would love to have them too.

The month starts off with a look at FLAG OF IRON and an overview of the various the periods of his career which will be uploaded tomorrow morning.

Don't worry site readers, all the normal parts of the site will continue (so no worries, Chiba fans).
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